Gestational Diabetes 101

Hormone

A chemical substance produced within the body which has a regulatory effect on the activity of a certain tissue in the body. Estrogen, cortisol, and human placental lactogen are hormones produced by the placenta which cause changes in the mother's body to prepare her for the pregnancy and birth. These hormones also have a contra-insulin effect.

Hypoglycemia

A condition where the blood sugar is lower than normal. This is a dangerous condition and should be avoided or treated rapidly.

Insulin

A hormone manufactured by the pancreas. Insulin helps glucose leave the blood and enter the muscles and other tissues of the body.

Insulin-resistance

A partial blocking of the effect of insulin. This interference can be caused by hormones produced by the placenta or by excessive weight gain.

Ketone

A break-down product of fat that accumulates in the blood as a result of inadequate insulin or inadequate calorie intake.

Legumes

Beans, peas, and lentils which supply fiber and nutrients and are high in vegetable protein.

Macrosomia

A term meaning "large body." This refers to a baby that is considerably larger than normal. This condition occurs when the mother's blood sugar levels have been higher than normal during pregnancy. This is a preventable complication of gestational diabetes.

Nutrients

Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. These are provided by food and are necessary for growth and the maintenance of life.